In: Comprehensive Gynecology. Philadelphia, Pa. Accessed Oct. Levy BS, et al. Endometriosis: Management of ovarian endometriomas. Barbieri RL, et al. Clinical manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults. Hoffman MS, et al.
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Differential diagnosis of the adnexal mass. Frequently asked questions. Gynecologic problems FAQ Ovarian cysts. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Legendre G, et al. Relationship between ovarian cysts and infertility: What surgery and when? Fertility and Sterility. See also Abdominal pain CA test Combination birth control pills Laparoscopic surgery Minipill progestin-only birth control pill Molar pregnancy Nausea and vomiting Oophorectomy ovary removal surgery Ovarian cysts Pelvic exam Pelvic pain Prophylactic oophorectomy: Preventing cancer by surgically removing your ovaries Symptom Checker Ultrasound Show more related content.
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Advertising Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit organization and proceeds from Web advertising help support our mission. Advertising and sponsorship policy Advertising and sponsorship opportunities. Reprint Permissions A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test measured the normality of the data. Linear relationship of variables was calculated using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients.
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T-test and ANOVA analysis were used to compare the variables two by two, and Chi-square test was used for qualitative variables. In this study, women in the case group and in the control group were studied. Demographic characteristics of women as separated in two groups are reported in table 1. T-test was used for analyses of age variable homogeneity between the two groups. The Chi-square test was used for analysis of Educational Status, Occupational status and Economic status variable homogeneity between the two groups. T-test was used for analysis of BMI variable between the two groups.
T-test was also used for analysis of the homogeneity of parity variable between the two groups. Mean parity in women with FOC was 3. We also used t-test for analyses of the homogeneity of abortion variable between the two groups.
Mean abortion in women with FOC was 0. Chi-square test was used for analysis of the history of medical illness variable homogeneity between the two groups. Chi-square test was also used for analysis of the contraception method and using dietary supplements variable homogeneity between the two groups. Mean size of the cysts in women with FOC was Mean fat consumption in women with FOC was Descriptive statistics showed that The mean amount of seafood fat including fried fish, grilled fish and tuna in women with FOC was 0.
The mean amount of fat in dairy products including milk, chocolate milk, yoghurt, cheese, butter, cream and buttermilk in women with FOC was The mean amount of meat fat including red meat and white meat in women with FOC was In the present study, the amount of fat consumption was higher in women with FOC than women in the control group, although this difference was not statistically significant. Also, in this study, no relationship was observed between the amounts of dietary fat with functional ovarian cysts.
Several studies have shown that no study was found about fat consumption and functional ovarian cysts, but in some studies, an increased risk of ovarian cancer with increased amount of fat are reported; of course, the results of these studies are different in relation to different types of fat. In a case-control study performed on year old women living in New York measured the relationship of total fat, vegetarian fat, saturated fat and multiple unsaturated fat, and unsaturated with a double bond with benign ovarian cysts including teratomas, endometriosis, serous, mucinous, Brenner and fibroma-thecoma; the results of this study showed that a high intake of vegetable oils and multiple unsaturated fats is associated with increased chance of multiple endometriosis, serous, and teratoma.
In a case-control study performed in Italy, the findings showed that consumption of red meat and cheese was associated with an increased risk of seromucinous cysts, but no relationship was observed between the fat in the butter and margarine and oil with seromucinous cysts. In our study, although the amount of dairy fat was somewhat higher in women with functional ovarian cysts, the association was not statistically significant.
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This difference may be because of the differences in the study population and our study was conducted on ovarian cysts while the mentioned studies have been conducted on ovarian cancer and ovarian seromusinus cysts that were the types of neoplasm. Some studies showed that there was a relationship between the consumption of milk and dairy products with ovarian cancer, and they hypothesized that the association may be due to the presence of lactose in milk.
A high galactose diet is toxic for the oocytes, and evidence showed that ovarian cancer may arise due to the premature depletion of the oocyte, and intake of dairy products is associated with a modest increase in the risk of ovarian cancer. Relationship between milk consumption and ovarian cancer may be due to the presence of fat in milk. In our study, although the amount of fat in white and red meat was somewhat higher in women with functional ovarian cysts, the association was not statistically significant.
Some studies reported that there was a relationship between the consumption of the types of meat and ovarian cancer, 9 because meat also contains saturated fat. In our study, there was no significant difference between marine consumption among women in the case and control groups. In some studies, fish had a protective effect on ovarian cancer and hypothesized that this effect can be due to the presence of omega-3 fatty acids in fish or low fat in fish meat than other meats; 9 this finding in our study is likely due to the low consumption of marine products in the studied women.
Given that in most studies, the relationship between consumption of a fat-rich food such as milk, and meat with ovarian disease has been measured, one of the strengths of this study is that the amount of fat in food was evaluated separately with functional ovarian cysts; therefore confounding effects of other products in the food on the ovarian cysts are somewhat controlled.
In our study, there was a significant difference between BMI among the women in the case and control groups, and women with functional ovarian cyst had a higher BMI than the control group. There was a strong relationship between increasing BMI and increasing morbidity and mortality. The increased levels of LH can cause hyperplasia of the ovarian stroma and theca and increase in the production of androgens, which can increase the peripheral aromatization and cause anovulation cycle in women. The limitations of this study are the difference in the accuracy of the women in answering the questions; also, the diagnosis of functional ovarian cyst in women was performed by different sonographers, so the researcher was not able to control it Also, in this study Ultrasound was performed in multicenter and by different sonographers that might have affected the study result.
Ovarian Cysts: 12 Facts All Women Should Know | fawzyzakhary.com
Because of the difficulty of access to people with functional ovarian cysts, the sampling of this study was a non-probable method; for this reason, generalization of the results is reduced. It is recommended that future studies should use random sampling methods to enhance the generalizability of their results. According to the results of this case-control study, the amount of fat intake was higher in women with functional ovarian cysts.
Also, consumption of dairy fat and meat fat was higher in women with functional ovarian cysts, although this difference was not statistically significant. Dietary fats may affect the ovarian function. Meat and dietary production contain saturated fat that was probably associated with functional ovarian cysts. For this reason, a low risk diet for functional ovarian cyst in Iran should include limited fat intake and specially saturated fat, and use of meat and dairy products with less fat.
In this study, women with functional ovarian cyst had higher BMI. In this regard, appropriate educational programs are needed to modify the lifestyle patterns in reproductive age women. The present study was extracted from the research project approved by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in Therefore, the cooperation and assistance of the Deputy and also personnel of health centers and the women participating in this study would be appreciated. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U.
Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3. Abstract Background: Functional ovarian cysts FOC are one of the most common gynecological problems among women of reproductive age. Methods: This case-control study was performed on female patients with cyst in the case group and in the control group aged 13 to Results: The mean of fat consumption in the case group was Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the amount of fat consumption was higher in women with ovarian cysts; however, this difference was not statistically significant.
Participants Sampling was conducted after obtaining approval from the ethics committee of Mashhad university of medical sciences research project code: Measurements Subjects were enrolled after obtaining an informed consent form from them. Data Collection In order to collect the required data, the first author attended the mentioned gynecology clinics and identified the eligible women.
Dietary Intake Analysis All pages of the completed FFQs were scanned and the selected choices were recognized and saved in a TXT file using a software package developed through Delphi 7 programing. Statistical Analysis After recording the data in the form of data collection, data was analyzed using SPSS software version Table 1 Distribution of demographic variables in the control and case groups. Open in a separate window. Table 2 Comparison of BMI in the control and case groups. Table 3 Comparison of the history of medical illness in the control and case groups.
Conflict of Interest: None declared. Oral contraceptives for functional ovarian cysts. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Epidemiology of presumed benign ovarian tumors. Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction. Diet and risk of seromucinous benign ovarian cysts. Butler W.
Nutritional interactions with reproductive performance in dairy cattle.